An Eight-Step Framework
What is RIGOROUS?
RIGOROUS is an eight-step framework designed to help researchers improve the quality, transparency, and interpretability of studies using EHR data.
The framework guides researchers through the full research pipeline, from identifying the type of research task to defining the estimand, assessing data fitness, identifying sources of bias, choosing appropriate analyses, evaluating assumptions, using precise language, and meeting reporting standards.
Rather than focusing only on final reporting, RIGOROUS supports better decisions throughout the design and conduct of EHR research.
Before applying RIGOROUS, identify your research task
RIGOROUS begins by asking what kind of question your study is trying to answer. EHR studies may appear similar on the surface, but different research tasks require different estimands, assumptions, analyses, validity checks, and language.
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Description
Estimate the occurrence or distribution of a health state, event, exposure, or practice in a defined population.
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Signal Discovery
Scan many exposures, features, drugs, variants, or outcomes to identify candidate signals for further study.
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Factual Prediction
Predict current or future outcomes under observed or expected care conditions.
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Counterfactual Prediction
Predict outcomes under specified hypothetical treatment strategies.
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Causal Effect Estimation
Estimate the causal effect of an exposure, treatment, intervention, or policy on an outcome.